Everything about Digital Image Processing totally explained
Digital image processing is the use of computer
algorithms to perform
image processing on
digital images. As a subfield of
digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing; it allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data, and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and signal distortion during processing.
The most common kind of digital image processing is
digital image editing.
History
Many of the techniques of digital image processing, or digital picture processing as it was often called, were developed in the
1960s at the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
MIT,
Bell Labs,
University of Maryland, and a few other places, with application to
satellite imagery, wirephoto standards conversion,
medical imaging,
videophone,
character recognition, and photo enhancement. But the cost of processing was fairly high with the computing equipment of that era. In the
1970s, digital image processing proliferated, when cheaper computers and dedicated hardware became available. Images could then be processed in real time, for some dedicated problems such as
television standards conversion. As general-purpose computers became faster, they started to take over the role of dedicated hardware for all but the most specialized and compute-intensive operations.
With the fast computers and signal processors available in the
2000s, digital image processing has become the most common form of image processing, and is generally used because it isn't only the most versatile method, but also the cheapest.
Tasks
Digital image processing allows the use of much more complex algorithms for image processing, and hence can offer both more sophisticated performance at simple tasks, and the implementation of methods which would be impossible by analog means.
In particular, digital image processing is the only practical technology for:
Some techniques which are used in digital image processing include:
Principal components analysis
Independent component analysis
Self-organizing maps
Hidden Markov models
Neural networks
Applications
Digital camera images
Digital cameras generally include dedicated digital image processing chips to convert the raw data from the image sensor into a color-corrected image in a standard image file format. Images from digital cameras often receive further processing to improve their quality, a distinct advantage digital cameras have over film cameras. The digital image processing is typically done by special software programs that can manipulate the images in many ways.
Many digital cameras also enable viewing of histograms of images, as an aid for the photographer to better understand the rendered brightness range of each shot.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Digital Image Processing'.
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